LA MATRIZ URGENCIA-IMPORTANCIA: LA TRAMPA DE UNA HERRAMIENTA DEL SIGLO PASADO
En la gestión tradicional del tiempo se establece una la lista de tareas pendientes y se van tachando en función de unas prioridades. La fijación de prioridades clásica está definida por dos criterios básicos: la urgencia y la importancia.
Los estudios arrojan un dato descorazonador: un profesional promedio suele dedicar menos de un tercio de su jornada laboral a los asuntos realmente importantes. El resto se lo dedica a otras actividades que no tienen demasiada relevancia respecto a lo que realmente le interesa.
Estos dos conceptos (importancia y urgencia) se pueden combinar en la conocida como matriz de Eisenhower, creada en la primera mitad del siglo pasado y popularizada por Stephen Covey en su libro “Los 7 hábitos de las personas altamente efectivas” publicado en 1989.
URGENTE | NO URGENTE | |
IMPORTANTE | Importante y urgente | Importante y no urgente |
NO IMPORTANTE | No importante y urgente | No importante y no urgente |
Resulta paradójico que una herramienta del siglo pasado siga siendo la estrella en la mayoría de los programas de productividad del siglo XXI, en donde el trabajo ha cambiado y está en un cambio permanente. La efectividad de esta matriz que fue un gran ayuda en los tiempos pasados de trabajos regulares y bien definidos (no hay que olvidar que Eisenhower fue un general del ejército y presidente de los EEUU) hoy en día nos presenta muchas lagunas.
- Dificultad para las prioridades intermedias:
De las cuatro combinaciones, probablemente sea más fácil establecer la primera y la última prioridad. La primera prioridad, sin duda, es aquella que tiene presiones de importancia y de tiempo. La última prioridad, obviamente, es la que no tiene presiones de parte de ninguno de estos dos factores.
Sin embargo, es a la hora de decidir la segunda prioridad donde nos solemos perder. Desde una posición objetiva, debemos hacer caso primero a la importancia. Pero en la vida real sabemos que las exigencias del jefe, el pedido del cliente importante o la súplica del colaborador insistente afectan y distorsionan nuestras prioridades.
- Priorizar con criterios no productivos
También tenemos tendencia a anteponer ciertas actividades y dejar otras para después; un después que fácilmente se convierte en nunca.
Las investigaciones demuestran que las cosas que reciben más fácilmente nuestra atención son las que nos parecen cortas, fáciles, agradables, conocidas, urgentes, interesantes, programadas, o las que nos llegan de un jefe o de un compañero al que apreciamos.
- La incongruencia de la prisa y el trabajo bien hecho
Por otro lado, es obvio que un trabajo importante debe hacerse a fondo y meticulosamente. En cambio, un trabajo que es importante y urgente tendrá que hacerse con precipitación y bajo presión.
- La tentación de generar urgencia
En muchas ocasiones somos nosotros mismos los generadores de la urgencia por carecer de unos objetivos claros y concretos, por no tener una mínima planificación, por nuestro estilo absorbente o porque somos incapaces de delegar en nuestros colaboradores. En ocasiones, las urgencias proceden de los colaboradores que rebotan los problemas hacia arriba por comodidad o incapacidad de resolverlos. Por último, también las urgencias pueden ser generadas en el exterior (clientes, proveedores…) o en el interior (compañeros de otros departamentos…).
Aunque sabemos que debemos evitar a toda costa caer en la trampa de la urgencia, el hecho es que pasamos el día apagando fuegos.
Ejercicio de la matriz urgencia-importancia
Te invitamos a realizar ahora el siguiente ejercicio. Anota todas las actividades que has realizado en tu último día laboral.
Incluye ahora cada una de las tareas en el cuadrante que creas más adecuado conforme al criterio urgencia-importancia.
¿A que tienes el primer cuadrante urgente-importante saturado de actividades y mucho más vacíos los otros cuadrantes?
Esta clasificación clásica por prioridades puede resultar útil, en principio, pero cuenta con la dificultad de que ahora parece todo urgente e importante, por lo que en BIZNES CONSULTORES te proponemos en nuestro programa de productividad personal una superación de esta matriz clásica por un auténticamente eficaz Sistema de Organización Único y Personal. Ahora, además, en modalidad intensiva, para aquellos que siempre van con prisa.
Si quieres saber más sobre nuestro sistema de organización personal y conocer cómo ganar tiempo al tiempo con una herramienta del siglo XXI, te invitamos a a solicitar tu cita gratuita diágnóstico. ¡Puedes empezar a mejorar tu vida en 30 minutos!
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